.cn
 | |
| Introduced | 28 November 1990[1] |
|---|---|
| TLD type | Country code top-level domain |
| Status | Active |
| Registry | China Internet Network Information Center |
| Sponsor | Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| Intended use | Entities connected with China |
| Actual use | Very popular in mainland China[2] |
| Registered domains | 19,562,007 (2024-08-29)[3] |
| Structure | Names can be registered either at the second level, or at the third level under the generic or provincial-level administrative divisions second-level domains |
| Documents | China Internet Domain Name Regulations |
| Dispute policies | China ccTLD Dispute Resolution Policy and China ccTLD Dispute Resolution Policy Rules |
| Registry website | cnnic |
.cn is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the People's Republic of China. Introduced on 28 November 1990, the domain is administered by China Internet Network Information Center, a public institution affiliated with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The domain is the largest ccTLD in the world.[4]
The Chinese script internationalized country codes are ".中国" ("China" in Simplified Chinese) and ".中國" ("China" in Traditional Chinese). Entities connected to Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan typically use .hk, .mo, and .tw, respectively,[5] despite the availability of corresponding second-level domains under .cn for those regions.
Second-level domains
[edit]Domain names can be registered either at the second level, or at the third level under the generic or provincial-level administrative divisions second-level domains.
Generic second-level domains
[edit]According to the "China Internet Domain Name System" published by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, there are 9 generic second-level domains, two of which are internationalized:[6]
Open registration
[edit]- ac.cn : Scientific research institutions
- com.cn : Industrial, commercial, financial, and other enterprises
- net.cn : Organizations providing Internet services
- org.cn : Not-for-profit organizations
Registration restricted
[edit]- edu.cn : Educational institutions in China
- gov.cn : Chinese government organizations
- mil.cn : Chinese national defense organizations
Provincial-level administrative divisions second-level domains
[edit]The two-letter abbreviations correlate with ISO 3166-2 "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions—Part 2: Country subdivision code" (adapted locally as National Standard GB/T 2659.2[7]). The provincial-level administrative divisions second-level domains are with the open-registration policy. According to the "China Internet Domain Name System"[6] published by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, there are 34 administrative division second-level domains:
- ah.cn : Anhui Province
- bj.cn : Beijing Municipality
- cq.cn : Chongqing Municipality
- fj.cn : Fujian Province
- gd.cn : Guangdong Province
- gs.cn : Gansu Province
- gz.cn : Guizhou Province
- gx.cn : Guangxi Province
- ha.cn : Henan Province
- hb.cn : Hubei Province
- he.cn : Hebei Province
- hi.cn : Hainan Province
- hk.cn : Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- hl.cn : Heilongjiang Province
- hn.cn : Hunan Province
- jl.cn : Jilin Province
- js.cn : Jiangsu Province
- jx.cn : Jiangxi Province
- ln.cn : Liaoning Province
- mo.cn : Macao Special Administrative Region
- nm.cn : Nei Mongol Autonomous Region
- nx.cn : Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
- qh.cn : Qinghai Province
- sc.cn : Sichuan Province
- sd.cn : Shandong Province
- sh.cn : Shanghai Municipality
- sn.cn : Shaanxi Province
- sx.cn : Shanxi Province
- tj.cn : Tianjin Municipality
- tw.cn : Taiwan Province
- xj.cn : Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- xz.cn : Xizang Autonomous Region
- yn.cn : Yunnan Province
- zj.cn : Zhejiang Province
Internationalized domains
[edit]Internationalized domain names with Chinese characters may be registered at the second level under the .cn top-level domain.
On 25 June 2010, ICANN approved the use of the internationalized country code top-level domains ".中国" (China in simplified Chinese characters, DNS name xn--fiqs8s) and ".中國" (China in traditional Chinese characters, DNS name xn--fiqz9s) by CNNIC.[8] These two TLDs were added to the DNS in July 2010.
CNNIC proposed around this time Chinese domain names in ".公司" (".com" in Chinese) and ".网络" (".net" in Chinese). However, these have not been recognized by ICANN yet and are only available via domestic domain name registrars.
Around 15 other generic domain names with Chinese characters have later been registered. See List of Internet top-level domains#Chinese characters.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "The Internet Timeline of China 1986~2003". China Internet Network Information Center. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
- ^ DENIC (July 2017). "Comparison of international Domain Numbers Top 10 largest TLDs list". Archived from the original on 7 July 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ^ "The 54th Statistical Report on China's Internet Development" (PDF). China Internet Network Information Center. 29 August 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 September 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ "Leading ccTLDs by number of domains 2023". Statista. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ^ "Country domains: a comprehensive ccTLD list". IONOS Digital Guide. 16 September 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ^ a b 中国互联网域名体系. 工业和信息化部域名行业管理信息公示. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
- ^ 曾建勋; 刘春燕; 赵琪; 李学军 (30 December 2022). 世界各国和地区及其行政区划名称代码 第 2 部分：行政区划代码. 全国标准信息公共服务平台. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
- ^ "Adopted Board Resolutions". Brussels: ICANN. 25 June 2010. Retrieved 15 January 2012.